Variant N1
I. Match the words with the definitions.

1) corruption a) the business of making goods in large quantities in
a factory
2) currency b) a person or company that supplies goods to shops
3) distributor c) illegal, bad, or dishonest behaviour, especially by
people in positions of power
4) production d) what a company produce
5) output e) the money that is used in a particular country at a
particular time
6) merger f) the condition of being extremely poor
7) poverty g) the state of having enough money or assets to pay
any that is owed
8) liquidity h ) when the companies combine to form one new
company

II. Complete each sentence with a word from the box.

distributor output liquidity merger
demand price manufacturers interest rate

1. Unfortunately, ........for our products raised a little last year.
2. They have lowered the.........of the product because the average customer
can't afford it.
3. The Bank of England has again lowered ......., this time from 5% to 4.5%.
4. ....... produce new goods from raw materials.
5. .......refers to how easily money can circulate.
6. For the past twenty years they have been the country's leading ......... of
household appliances.
7. According to a report by the Confederation of British Industry, factory ....... has risen in much of Britain over the past three months.

8. The boards finally approved the.........between the two energy groups.

III. Match ( 1-8) with ( a-h) to make sentences:

1. There is a scarcity of skilled workers
2. The new rates will affect all
consumers,
3. He’s been in business for five years,
4. Their prices are better than
5. Our business needed money so

6. You shouldn't borrow money if
7. We invoiced the client a month ago,
8. Can you lend me some money until

a) but has not yet turned a profit.

b) we borrowed from the bank.

c) any of their competitors.
d) you know you can't pay it back.
e) but he still hasn't paid us.
f) I get paid next week?
g) in the building sector.
h) including businesses.

IV. Put the words in the right order.
1. dangerously, the, grows, economy, When, fast, it, overheats, say, we
2. pay off, bank, into, the, 100 Euros, Each, put, I, month, my, loan, to,
3. between, of, There is, the, product, a, quality, relationship, and, cost, its, a
4. absolute, pure, means, A, monopoly, an, monopoly, or, complete
5. employees, are, for, workers, not, Freelance, company, a, but, self-employed, are

V. Choose the correct option a-c to complete the sentences.
1. General Motors........the world's biggest car company for nearly 40 years.
a) was b) has been c) is
2. I ..............to a trade fair until I went to the one in Las Vegas last month.
a) had never been b) never been c) have never been
3. He was dismissed even though, in his opinion, he ......anything wrong.
a) had done b) hadn't done c) hasn't done
4. By the time I'm 50, I.........a million dollars.
a) will make b) would make c) will have made
5. The price of petrol ....... down since last April.
a) has gone b) went c) had gone
6. By the end of the month I .........this project.
a) will finish b) will have finished c) will be finishing

VI. Complete each sentence with a verb in the correct form, - ing or to...
1. I don't mind ........ my coworkers with their assignments.
a) helping b) to help
2. Did the company promise........you a permanent contract?
a) giving b) to give
3. Could you keep ........on the report while I make some phone calls?
a) to work b) working
4. After hours of negotiating, we managed ........an agreement.
a) to reach b) reaching
5. I would prefer .......on my own.
a) to work b) working
6. We suggest........the manufacturer directly.
a) contacting b) to work

VII. Rewrite the sentences in the passive.
1. My assistant sent you the invoice last Monday.
The invoice........ to you by my assistant last Monday.
a) is sent b) was sent
2. They won't take a decision until the next meeting.
A decision .......... until the next meeting.
a) won't be taken b) will be taken
3. They have just adopted the annual budget.
The annual budget........by them.
a) was just adopted b) has just been adopted
4. The employees brought up this issue during the meeting.
This issue ...............by the employees during the meeting.
a) is brought up b) was brought up
5. We will deliver the goods immediately.
The goods .......immediately.
a) will be delivered b) will delivered

VIII. Underline the correct words.
1. If you will sell / sell more than you did last year you will earn more
money.
2. I would buy shares in that company if I would have / had some money.
3. Things are going well, and if we make / will make money this year, we
will reinvest it in the business.

IX. Translate the sentences from English into Russian.

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1. The market where employers buy workers' service for wages is called the
labour market.
2. One of the trade-offs we have to make in our lives is to find the right
balance between work time and leisure time.
3. Natural limits such as sleep and rest bring down the possible number of
working hours. We need some time to switch off from work, which also
decreases working time.
4. If the hourly rate increases, people want to work longer hours. This is
called the substitution effect. But the effect also has a limit.

X. A. Read this text

An Important Part of Financial Economics
International Finance is an important part of financial economics. It mainly
discusses the issues related with monetary interactions of at least two or more
countries. International finance is concerned with subjects such as exchange rates of
currencies, monetary systems of the world, foreign direct investment (FDI), and other
important issues associated with international financial management.
Like international trade and business, international finance exists due to the fact
that economic activities of businesses, governments, and organizations get affected
by the existence of nations. It is a known fact that countries often borrow and lend
from each other. In such trades, many countries use their own currencies.
The World Bank, the International Finance Corporation (IFC), the International
Monetary Fund (IMF), and the National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) are
some of the notable international finance organizations.
International trade is one of the most important factors of growth and prosperity
of participating economies. It helps understand the basics of all international
organizations and keeps the balance intact among them. International finance
organizations, such as IMF, the World Bank, etc., provide a mediators’ role in
managing international finance disputes.
The existence of an international financial system means that there are
possibilities of international financial crises. This is where the study of international
finance becomes very important. To know about the international financial crises, we
have to understand the nature of the international financial system. Without
international finance, chances of conflicts and thereby, a resultant mess, is apparent.
B. Mark the sentences a) T ( True )

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b) F ( False)
c) NG ( Not Given )

1. International trade is one of the most significant factors of development and
richness of participating economies.
2. The existence of an international financial system means that there are
possibilities of regional financial crises.
3. A national account is a major account with a nationwide business.

Variant №4

1. Match the words with the definitions.

1) earnings a) financial protection 2) consumption b) income 3) recession c) the members of the population able to work 4) workforce d) the amount of a product that people buy or use 5) imports e) the people who control a country and make laws 6) insurance f) when there is not enough of something7) government g) goods and services a country buy abroad 8) shortage h) a serious slowing down of the economy

2. Complete each sentence with a word from the box.

1. Unfortunately, ........for our products raised a little last year. 2. They have lowered the.........of the product because the average customer can't afford it.

3. The Bank of England has again lowered ......., this time from 5% to 4.5%. 4. ……. produce new goods from raw materials. 5. A ......... is someone who buys and sells stock.

6. In an ……., the item for sale is sold to the customer who offers the highest price. 7. In the winter sales the shops often give a……. of up to 50%. 8. My ........ always prepares my tax return for me.

3. Match ( 1-8) with ( a-h) to make sentences.

1. Who is going to be 2. Mergers and acquisitions are taking place between 3. Have you seen 4. Sales are up by 50% 5. I work for a company 6. We plan to launch a new sales campaign 7. These types of products are becoming 8. Our market researchers have come to the conclusion that

a) last month's sales figures? b) that does outdoor advertising. c) compared to this time last year. d) increasingly popular. e) this is an effective approach . f) large companies in the same industry. g) to attract new customers. h) in the charge of this project?

4. Put the words in the right order.

1. jobs, their, a lot, There, of, changes, are, staff, and , worried, are, about 2. below, a price, for, Please, us, the, quote, goods, listed 3. deal, Everybody, that, was , great, a, knew, it 4. address, I, wrong, I'm, wrote, the, on, afraid, delivery, the, package 5. deposit, let, Please, know, us, needed, how, is, much

5. Choose the correct option a-c to complete the sentences. 1. How long .......in sales? a) do you work b) have you been working c) were you working 2. By the time I came back from my business trip, a lot of things ....... . a) had changed b) has changed c) changed 3. The company is huge. It........ a thousand new jobs since the beginning of last year. a) created b) had created c) has created 4. We ....... this product since the beginning of the year. a) have produced b) have been producing c) had produced 5. I'm afraid the company is going bankrupt. It ........big problems lately. a) had b) has had c) was having 6. Before John celebrated his 26th birthday, he ......... his own company a) started b) has started c) had started

6. Complete each sentence with a verb in the correct form, - ing or to... 1. The company succeeded in ........a profit. a) to make b) making 2. I regret.........so much money last week. 28 a) spending b) to spend 3. The buyers want....... our terms of payment. a) knowing b) to know 4. It's obvious he's only interested in.......money. a) to make b) making 5. We should........ the software before giving it to users. a) testing b) test 6. The agent promised .......me as soon as the new product became available. a) to call b) calling

7. Rewrite the sentences in the passive. 1. We will employ several workers. Several workers ........by us. a) will employ b) will be employed 2. You told us there would be a bigger discount. We .......there would be a bigger discount. a) were told b) told 3. The fashion magazine sponsored the exhibition. The exhibition ........by the fashion magazine. a) was sponsored b) is sponsored 4. I have invested my money in real estate. My money ........ in real estate. a) has been invested b) has invested 5. Investors are putting a lot of money into China. A lot of money .......... by investors into China. a) is put b) is being put

8. Underline the correct words. 1. Usually, if we lose money, we cut / will cut the advertising budget. 2. Things are going badly, and if we lose money this year, we cut / will cut the adverting budget. 3. It's unlikely, but if we lost any money this year, we will cut / would cut the advertising budget.

9. Translate the sentences from English into Russian. 1. A progressive taxation system operates in many countries of the world. The more money a person earns the higher the tax he pays. 2. Through taxation governments achieve different goals. They decrease the income gap between the rich and the poor, they discourage people from consuming harmful products and they control overall supply and demand. 3. Most taxation revenues go on public goods which include national defence, healthcare, education and others.

10. A. Read this text What is Money? People in various cultures think of money in different ways. A London banker and an African tribesman have different ideas of what money is. Many people think of money as a currency - metal coins and paper bill. We need it to buy the things we want. We also get money for the work that we do. So, money is a way of exchanging goods and services. In the course of time people searched for better ways of trading goods. They found out that metal, especially gold and silver, was very valuable. Some historians believe that the first coins were made at around 700 B.C. by the Lydians. But it was not until the late Middle Ages that coins became common throughout Europe. Metals were stamped and coins had to have a certain weight. People knew how many coins they needed to buy something because they had a fixed value. Paper money came into use about 300 years ago. The idea came from goldsmiths who gave people pieces of paper in exchange for their gold. These bills could be exchanged for their gold later on. Until the middle of the 20th century governments all over the world had deposits of gold that was worth as much as the money they gave to their people. Paper money had many advantages. It was cheaper to make and easier to carry around. But there were also dangers. Governments could produce as much paper money as they wanted. If they produced too many banknotes and gave them to the people, they would have too much money to spend. If there were not enough goods to buy, prices would go up. The money then would lose its value. We call this inflation. Today, the amount of money in circulation is controlled by central banks. They make sure that paper money has a constant value. More and more people use credit cards to buy things. You don’t have to take real money with you. B. Mark the sentences a) T ( True ) b) F ( False) c) NG ( Not Given ) 1. People knew how many coins they needed to buy something because they had a market value. 2. Paper money had many benefits. 3. The idea of paper money travelled quickly to Europe.